Research papers/Functional pearls
Functional pearls are elegant, instructive examples of functional programming. They are supposed to be fun, and they teach important programming techniques and fundamental design principles. They traditionally appear in The Journal of Functional Programming, and at ICFP and affiliated workshops.
The history of functional pearls is covered by:
- How to Write a Functional Pearl
- Richard Bird. ICFP 2006.
- Fifteen years of functional pearls
- Richard Bird. ICFP 2006.
- Strachey's functional pearl, forty years on
- Mike Spivey, 2006.
- On Barron and Strachey's Cartesian Product Function
- Olivier Danvy and Michael Spivey, July 2007
There have been many functional pearls in JFP, and some others at ICFP and the Haskell Workshop. There is also a collection of them in The Fun of Programming.
The pearls tend to concentrate on:
- Examples of program calculation and proof
- Neat presentations of new or old data structures
- Interesting applications and techniques
Some advice on writing pearls for JFP is available in this editorial.
Online
Functional pearls online:
- Monoids: Theme and Variations
- Brent Yorgey. 2012.
- Every Bit Counts
- Dimitrios Vytiniotis, Andrew Kennedy. 2010.
- Combining Syntactic and Semantic Bidirectionalization
- Janis Voigtländer, Zhenjiang Hu, Kazutaka Matsuda, Meng Wang. 2010.
- Free Theorems Involving Type Constructor Classes
- Janis Voigtländer. 2009.
- Linear, Bounded, Functional Pretty-Printing
- S. Doaitse Swierstra, Olaf Chitil. 2009.
- Bidirectionalization for Free!
- Janis Voigtländer. 2009.
- Functional Pearl: Streams and Unique Fixed Points
- Ralf Hinze, ICFP 2008
- Generic Discrimination: Sorting and Partitioning Unshared Data in Linear Time
- Fritz Henglein. 2008
- Much Ado about Two: A Pearl on Parallel Prefix Computation
- Janis Voigtländer. 2008.
- Clowns to the Left of me, Jokers to the Right: Dissecting Data Structures
- Conor McBride. 2008.
- Functional Pearl: The Great Escape: Or how to jump the border without getting caught
- David Herman. 2007.
- Scrap Your Zippers
- Michael Adams. 2007. Superseded by the WGP 2010 version.
- A type-correct, stack-safe, provably correct expression compiler in Epigram
- James McKinna and Joel Wright. 2006.
- Applicative Programming with Effects
- Conor McBride and Ross Paterson. 2006.
- Enumerating the rationals
- Jeremy Gibbons, David Lester and Richard Bird. 2006.
- A program to solve Sudoku
- Richard Bird. 2006. (slides appear here, a Literate Haskell implementation by Graham Hutton based on this can be found here).
- Probabilistic functional programming in Haskell
- Martin Erwig and Steve Kollmansberger. 2006.
- Marble mingling
- Sharon Curtis. 2006.
- Strong Types for Relational Databases
- Alexandra Silva, Joost Visser. 2006. (Haskell Workshop)
- Backtracking, interleaving, and terminating monad transformers
- Oleg Kiselyov, Chung-chieh Shan, Daniel P. Friedman, Amr Sabry. 2005.
- Scrap your Nameplate
- James Cheney. 2005.
- Pickler Combinators
- Andrew Kennedy. 2004.
- Composing fractals
- Mark P. Jones. 2004.
- Enumerating the strings of regular languages
- M. Douglas McIlroy. 2004.
- Calculating the Sieve of Eratosthenes
- Lambert Meertens. Journal of Functional Programming, 14(6):759-763, 2004. (slides)
- Functional satisfaction
- Luc Maranget. 2004. (More info).
- Implicit configurations--or, type classes reflect the values of types
- Oleg Kiselyov, Chung-chieh Shan. 2004. (also here)
- Global variables in Haskell
- John Hughes. 2004. (JFP)
- I am not a number -- I am a free variable
- Conor McBride, James McKinna. 2004.
- Inverting the Burrows Wheeler transform
- Richard Bird and Shin-Cheng Mu. 2004. (Also here).
- Parsing permutation phrases
- Arthur Baars, Andres Loh and S. Doaitse Swierstra. 2004.
- Concurrent distinct choices
- Sergio Antoy and Michael Hanus. 2004.
- Functional chart parsing of context-free grammars
- Peter Ljunglf. 2004.
- Type-Safe Cast
- Stephanie Weirich. 2004.
- Pickler Combinators
- Andrew J. Kennedy. 2004.
- [www.cse.chalmers.se/edu/course/afp/Papers/parser-claessen.pdf Parallel Parsing Processes]
- Koen Claessen. 2004.
- Derivation of a logarithmic time carry lookahead addition circuit
- John O'Donnell and Gudula Runger. 2004. (ACM) (JFP) (Homepage).
- Linear lambda calculus and PTIME-completeness
- Harry G. Mairson. 2004.
- Producing all ideals of a forest, functionally
- Jean-Christophe Filliatre and Francois Pottier. 2003.
- Trouble shared is trouble halved
- Richard Bird, Ralf Hinze. 2003
- Formatting: a class act
- Ralf Hinze. 2003.
- A fresh look at binary search trees
- Ralf Hinze. 2002.
- The countdown problem
- Graham Hutton. 2002.
- Packrat parsing: simple, powerful, lazy, linear time, functional pearl
- Bryan Ford. 2002.
- Monads for Incremental Computing
- Magnus Carlsson. 2002.
- Haskell does it with class: Functorial unparsing
- Ralf Hinze. 2001.
- Unfolding pointer algorithms
- Richard Bird. 2001.
- Maximum marking problems
- Richard Bird. 2001.
- Weaving a web
- Ralf Hinze and Johan Jeuring. 2001.
- Normalization by evaluation with typed abstract syntax
- Olivier Danvy, Morten Rhiger and Kristoffer H. Rose. 2001.
- Do we need dependent types?
- Daniel Fridlender and Mia Indrika. 2001.
- Perfect trees and bit-reversal permutations, a revision of Technical Report IAI-TR-99-4
- Ralf Hinze. 2000.
- Combinators for breadth-first search
- Michael Spivey. 2000
- Breadth-First Numbering: Lessons from a Small Exercise in Algorithm Design
- Chris Okasaki. 2000.
- Deriving Backtracking Monad Transformers
- Ralf Hinze. 2000.
- Recursive subtyping revealed
- Vladimir Gapeyev, Michael Y. Levin, Benjamin C. Pierce. 2000.
- Composing contracts: an adventure in financial engineering
- Simon Peyton Jones, Jean-Marc Eber, Julian Seward. 2000.
- A poor man's concurrency monad
- Koen Claessen. 1999.
- Explaining binomial heaps
- Ralf Hinze. 1999.
- Power series, power serious
- M. Douglas McIlroy. 1999.
- Red-black trees in a functional setting
- Chris Okasaki. 1999.
- Proof-directed debugging
- Robert Harper. 1999. (see also Proof-directed debugging: revisited for a first-order version).
- A pointless derivation of radix sort
- Jeremy Gibbons. 1999.
- Monadic parsing in Haskell
- Graham Hutton and Erik Meijer . 1998.
- Polytypic unification
- Patrik Jansson and Johan Jeuring. 1998.
- Diets for fat sets
- Martin Erwig. 1998.
- Even higher-order functions for parsing or Why would anyone ever want to use a sixth-order function?
- Chris Okasaki. 1998.
- The Zipper
- Gerard Huet. 1997. (See also The Haskell Wikibook).
- Lazy wheel sieves and spirals of primes
- Colin Runciman. 1997.
- Three algorithms on Braun trees
- Chris Okasaki. 1997.
- The Third Homomorphism Theorem
- Jeremy Gibbons. 1996.
- Back to Basics: Deriving Representation Changers Functionally.
- Graham Hutton, Erik Meijer. 1996.
- Drawing Trees
- Andrew J. Kennedy. 1996.
- Undoing Dynamic Typing
- Nick Benton. 2008.
- Deriving Tidy Drawings of Trees
- Jeremy Gibbons. 1996. (See also the research report).
- Efficient Sets - A Balancing Act
- Stephen Adams. 1993. (Data.Set).
Potential Pearls
Unpublished pearls.
- Typed Quote/AntiQuote
- Ralf Hinze. Unpublished work in progress.
- α-conversion is easy
- Thorsten Altenkirch. Unpublished draft.
Offline
These appear not to be available online, unfortunately. If you know where they live, please link, and move into the 'online' section!
- Red-black trees with types
- Stefan Kahrs. 2001. (JFP) (Code!)
- On generating unique names
- Lennart Augustsson, M Rittri, D Synek. 1994. (Rittri's homepage)
- A Symmetric Set of Efficient List Operations.
- Rob R. Hoogerwoord, 1992. (Hoogerwoord's homepage).
- Finding celebrities: A lesson in functional programming
- Richard Bird and Sharon Curtis. 2006. (See also).
- On tiling a chessboard
- Richard Bird. 2004. (ACM)
- Meertens number
- Richard Bird. 1998.
- On merging and selection
- Richard Bird. 1997. (See also More on Merging and Selection).
- On building trees with minimum height
- Richard Bird. 1997. (Bib).
- The Last Tail.
- Richard Bird. 1993. (Bib).
- Two Greedy Algorithms
- Richard Bird, 1992. (Bib).
- On Removing Duplicates
- Richard Bird. 1991. (Bib).