Jump to content
Main menu
Main menu
move to sidebar
hide
Navigation
Haskell
Wiki community
Recent changes
Random page
HaskellWiki
Search
Search
Create account
Log in
Personal tools
Create account
Log in
Pages for logged out editors
learn more
Contributions
Talk
Editing
Function
(section)
Page
Discussion
English
Read
Edit
View history
Tools
Tools
move to sidebar
hide
Actions
Read
Edit
View history
General
What links here
Related changes
Special pages
Page information
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
===Composition / folding example=== Haskell supports a [[Function composition]] operator: <haskell> (.) :: (b -> c) -> (a ->b) -> (a->c) (f . g) x = f (g x) </haskell> So, for example, <hask>((insert 1) . (insert 2) . (insert 3)) mySet</hask> is the same as <hask>insert 1 (insert 2 (insert 3 mySet))</hask>. We're almost there -- what we need now is a function that can automatically put the composition operator between every element of <hask>map insert myList</hask>. Such code is included in Haskell, and it's known as ''folding.'' Several variants of the ''fold'' function are defined, but the basic concept is the same: given a function and a list, "collapse" the list by applying the function "between" its elements. This is easiest to see with simple binary operators, but it is not limited to them. For example, <hask>foldr1 (+) [1,1,2,3,5]</hask> eventually creates the expression <hask>1+1+2+3+5</hask>, and thus returns 12. In the set example, <hask>foldr1 (.) (map insert myList)</hask> gives us what we want, the successive insertion of every element of ''myList.'' What is the type of this expression? It is <hask>Set -> Set</hask>, meaning it will take a set and return a set -- in this case, the set it returns will have every element of ''myList'' inserted. To complete the example, <haskell> newSet = (foldr1 (.) (map insert myList)) mySet </haskell> will define ''newSet'' as ''mySet'' with the elements of ''myList'' inserted.
Summary:
Please note that all contributions to HaskellWiki are considered to be released under simple permissive license (see
HaskellWiki:Copyrights
for details). If you don't want your writing to be edited mercilessly and redistributed at will, then don't submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource.
DO NOT SUBMIT COPYRIGHTED WORK WITHOUT PERMISSION!
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Toggle limited content width