Prelude extensions: Difference between revisions
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<haskell> | <haskell> | ||
instance Num a => Num [[a]] where | instance Num a => Num [[a]] where | ||
abs x = map (map abs) x | |||
(+) x y = zipWith (zipWith (+)) x y | |||
(*) x y = map (matrixXvector x) y | |||
where | |||
matrixXvector :: [[a]] -> [a] -> [a] | |||
matrixXvector m v = foldl vectorsum [] $ zipWith vectorXnumber m v | |||
vectorXnumber :: [a] -> a -> [a] | |||
vectorXnumber v n = map (n*) v | |||
vectorsum :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] | |||
vectorsum [] y = y | |||
vectorsum x [] = x | |||
vectorsum x y = zipWith (+) x y | |||
</haskell> | </haskell> |
Revision as of 17:47, 21 June 2006
Sorted lists
The following are versions of standard prelude functions, but intended for sorted lists. The advantage is that they frequently reduce execution time by an O(n). The disadvantage is that the elements have to be members of Ord, and the lists have to be already sorted.
-- Eliminates duplicate entries from the list, where duplication is defined
-- by the 'eq' function. The last value is kept.
sortedNubBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
sortedNubBy eq (x1 : xs@(x2 : _)) =
if eq x1 x2 then sortedNubBy eq xs else x1 : sortedNubBy eq xs
sortedNubBy _ xs = xs
sortedNub :: (Eq a) => [a] -> [a]
sortedNub = sortedNubBy (==)
-- Merge two sorted lists into a new sorted list. Where elements are equal
-- the element from the first list is taken first.
mergeBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [a] -> [a] -> [a]
mergeBy cmp xs@(x1:xs1) ys@(y1:ys1) =
if cmp x1 y1 == GT
then y1 : mergeBy cmp xs ys1
else x1 : mergeBy cmp xs1 ys
mergeBy _ [] ys = ys
mergeBy _ xs [] = xs
merge :: (Ord a) => [a] -> [a] -> [a]
merge = mergeBy compare
Tuples
It is often necessary to apply functions to either the first or the second part of a pair. This is often considered a form of mapping (like map from Data.List).
-- | Apply a function to the first element of a pair
mapFst :: (a -> c) -> (a, b) -> (c, b)
mapFst f (a, b) = (f a, b)
-- | Apply a function to the second element of a pair
mapSnd :: (b -> c) -> (a, b) -> (c, b)
mapSnd f (a, b) = (a, f b)
-- | Apply a function to both elements of a pair
mapPair :: (a -> c, b -> d) -> (a, b) -> (c, d)
mapPair (f, g) (a, b) = (f a, g b)
Matrix
Sometimes you just want to multiply 2 matrices, like
[[1,2],[3,4]]*[[1,2],[3,4]]
The following makes it possible, but requires -fglasgow-exts :
instance Num a => Num [[a]] where
abs x = map (map abs) x
(+) x y = zipWith (zipWith (+)) x y
(*) x y = map (matrixXvector x) y
where
matrixXvector :: [[a]] -> [a] -> [a]
matrixXvector m v = foldl vectorsum [] $ zipWith vectorXnumber m v
vectorXnumber :: [a] -> a -> [a]
vectorXnumber v n = map (n*) v
vectorsum :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
vectorsum [] y = y
vectorsum x [] = x
vectorsum x y = zipWith (+) x y