Applications and libraries: Difference between revisions

From HaskellWiki
m (→‎Haskell 2010 libraries: archived dead link)
 
(231 intermediate revisions by 46 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{unknown copyright}}
[[Category:Libraries]] [[Category:Tools]]
The first place to look for data types or functions that do what you want is the Standard Prelude, then the [[Library Report]] (both parts of the Haskell standards documentation), then in whatever extra libraries are provided by the Haskell implementation you are using, then on the page you are looking at.


__TOC__
The number of Haskell packages is growing rapidly. The section 'Haskell library collections' gives an ordering of all these packages by relative importance. In the section 'Haskell applications and libraries' an ordering by category is given. Finally some guidelines for developers of new packages are presented.


There is an effort underway to standardise many of the extra libraries that come with Haskell implementations, and at the same time extend the module namespace into a hierarchy.  A document describing this project can be found [http://www.haskell.org/~simonmar/libraries/libraries.html here], and there is a [http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/libraries mailing list] for discussing issues related to libraries.
== Haskell library collections ==


A large collection of [http://www.haskell.org/ghc/docs/latest/html/libraries/index.html standard hierarchical libraries] are currently distributed with GHC (from version 5.04), Hugs (from Nov 2003), and nhc98 (from 1.16).
=== Haskell Prelude ===
The most important Haskell library is called the [https://hackage.haskell.org/package/base-4.12.0.0/docs/Prelude.html Prelude]. It is implicitly imported by default, and includes the most commonly used functions. Make sure you know what they do and how to use them effectively.


[[Cabal]], The Common Architecture for Building Applications and Libraries, is an framework for packaging, building, and installing any tool developed in the Haskell language.
=== Haskell 2010 libraries ===
The Haskell 2010 [[Language and library specification]] defines a set of [http://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/haskell2010/haskellpa2.html libraries] with basic functionality which all Haskell implementations should support, including the Prelude. Changes to these libraries are handled by the [http://web.archive.org/web/20191229055836/https://prime.haskell.org/ Haskell'] process.


This page is intended as a comprehensive list of all Haskell libraries and tools. Some of these are proof-of-concepts rather than production code. Some have no longer been maintained for a long time.
Haskell modules that almost everybody uses are in this group, for example:
[http://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/haskell2010/haskellch13.html Control.Monad], [http://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/haskell2010/haskellch20.html Data.List]
and [http://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/haskell2010/haskellch41.html System.IO]. Within GHC, these are mostly grouped into the [http://hackage.haskell.org/package/base base] package, but for example [http://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/haskell2010/haskellch14.html Data.Array] is in the [http://hackage.haskell.org/package/array array] package.


On freshmeat.com there is [http://freshmeat.net/browse/834/?topic_id=834 an alternative list of public domain software written in Haskell]. That list is currently short (for you to change that), but in particular it displays the current development status of the software.
=== GHC bootstrap libraries ===
GHC comes with an expanded version of the Haskell 2010 libraries. Together these are called the [http://www.haskell.org/ghc/docs/latest/html/libraries/index.html GHC bootstrap libraries]. You should not rely on this list being stable, since it is just the list of packages that are needed to build GHC itself (including ghci and the user guide).  


== Program Development ==
Examples of libraries that are GHC 7.8.3 boot libraries (but not core libraries, see below):
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/haskeline haskeline],
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/integer-gmp integer-gmp] and
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/terminfo terminfo].


<dl>
=== Core Libraries ===
<dt>[http://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/projects/vital/ Vital]
The core libraries form a subset of the packages in the Haskell Platform that has submitted to the management process described on the [[Library submissions]] page.
<dd>Vital is a visual programming environment. It is particularly intended for supporting the open-ended, incremental style of development often preferred by end users (engineers, scientists, analysts, etc.).</dd>


<dt>[http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/hmake/ hmake], a Haskell-aware replacement for make</dt>
These packages typically define basic APIs that are expected to be available in any Haskell implementation, packages that are being maintained for backwards compatibility, or in some cases, which are just needed as glue to hold the rest of the platform together.
<dd>Automatically keeps track of module dependencies (i.e. no need to write any Makefiles!). Can be used with any of the usual Haskell compilers (ghc, hbc, nhc98).</dd>


<dt>[http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/cpphs/ cpphs]</dt>
Not all GHC boot libraries are core libraries.
<dd>Cpphs is a re-implementation (in Haskell) of the C pre-processor.</dd>


<dt>[http://repetae.net/john/computer/haskell/DrIFT DrIFT]</dt>
Examples of libraries, or packages, that belong to this group are:
<dd>DrIFT is a tool which allows derivation of instances for classes that aren't supported by the standard compilers. In addition, instances can be produced in seperate modules to that containing the type declaration. This allows instances to be derived for a type after the original module has been compiled. As a bonus, simple utility functions can also be produced from a type.</dd>
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/mtl Monad transformer library],
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/random random] and
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/parallel parallel].


<dt>[http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rje33/software.html HaskTags]</dt>
=== Haskell Platform libraries ===
<dd>Hasktags is a simple program that generates TAGS files for Haskell code. Together with a supporting editor (e.g. NEdit, XEmacs, or Vim) TAGS files can be used to quickly find the places where functions, data constructors etc. are defined.</dd>
On top of the Core Libraries, the [http://www.haskell.org/platform/ Haskell Platform] comes preinstalled with some additional packages that together form the [http://www.haskell.org/platform/contents.html#packages-and-documentation Haskell Platform libraries]. These libraries have been thoroughly tested before being included. The addition of these libraries with the [http://www.haskell.org/platform/ Haskell Platform] is what makes it 'batteries included'.


<dt>[http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/~d99josve/tagsh.tar.gz tagsh]</dt>
Examples of included packages are:
<dd>A version of the tags program for Haskell. It uses the standardised hssource and posix library, works with GHC 5.02.1. tags file has been checked to work with vim and nedit.</dd>
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/attoparsec attoparsec], [http://hackage.haskell.org/package/network network] and [http://hackage.haskell.org/package/QuickCheck QuickCheck].


<dt>[http://home.conceptsfa.nl/~jwit/HaSpell.html HaSpell]</dt>
=== The Hackage database ===
<dd>HaSpell is a spelling and style checker for Haskell programs. It can detect spelling errors in comments in the program text, and optionally in the code itself. There is an option to detect metasyntactic variables (such as 'foo') and 'bad function prefixes' such as 'compute' and 'doThe' - these make the program less readable and generally indicate bad programming style.</dd>
[http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/pkg-list.html Hackage] is the final layer of the Haskell library collections. [http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/pkg-list.html Hackage] aims to provide a comprehensive collection of released Haskell packages, similar to Perl's CPAN or Python's PyPI.  


<dt>[http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~ewk/ewk.html Uniform Workbench]</dt>
Start on [http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/pkg-list.html Hackage] if you are looking for some functionality that did not come preinstalled with the [http://www.haskell.org/platform/ Haskell Platform].  
<dd>This tool is an Integration Framework providing its services in the lazy functional programming language Haskell. The WorkBench provides support for data, control and presentation integration, so that integrated Software Development Environments can be constructed from the basis of prefabricated, off-the-shelf components. We are currently using the WorkBench to construct integrated environments for Haskell program development and for specification and proof of Z specifications.</dd>


<dt>[http://www.isi.edu/~hdaume/HAllInOne/ Haskell All-In-One]</dt>
See also the [[Hackage|Hackage wiki page]] and [[Cabal/How to install a Cabal package | how to install a Cabal package]].
<dd>This Haskell utility takes a program implemented in multiple modules and converts it to a single module.</dd>
</dl>


=== Integrated Development Environments ===
== Haskell applications and libraries ==


<dl>
Applications, libraries and tools for Haskell or written in Haskell have been classified below, but you should check [http://hackage.haskell.org/packages/archive/pkg-list.html Hackage] for the latest list.
<dt>[http://www.kdevelop.org/ KDevelop]</dt>
<dd>This IDE supports many languages. For Haskell it [http://developer.kde.org/documentation/library/cvs-api/kdevelop/html/LangSupportStatus.html currently supports] project management, syntax highlighting, building (with GHC) & executing within the IDE.
</dd>


<dt>[http://leiffrenzel.de/eclipse/eclipsefp.html Haskell support for Eclipse]</dt>
* [[/Music and sound/|Audio, music and sound]]
<dd>Eclipse is an open, extensible IDE platform for 'everything and nothing in
* [[/Bioinformatics/]]
particular'.
* [[/Concurrency and parallelism/]]
It is implemented in Java and runs on several platforms. The Java IDE built
* [[/Compilers and interpreters/]]
on top of
* [[/Compiler tools|Compiler construction, lexing, parsing, pretty printing]]
it has already become very popular among Java developers. The Haskell tools
* [[/Cryptography|Cryptography and hashing]]
extend it to support editing (syntax coloring, code assist), compiling, and
* [[/Data structures | Data Structures and IO Libraries]]
running
* [[/Database interfaces/]]
Haskell programs from within the IDE. More features like source code
* [[/Editors|Editors written in Haskell]] and [[Editors|editors for Haskell]].
navigation,
* [[/Extended Haskell/]]
module browsing etc. will be added in the future.</dd>
* [[/Games/]]
* [[/Generic programming/]]
* [[/GUI libraries|Graphical User Interface (GUI) Libraries]]
* [[/Graphics/]]
* [[/Hardware verification/]]
* [[/Linguistics|Linguistics and natural language processing]]
* [[/Mathematics/|Mathematics and physics]]
* [[/Network/]]
* [[/Operating system/|Operating systems and systems programming]] (also emulators)
* [[/Program development/]]
* [[/Robotics/]]
* [[/Statistics/]]
* [[/Theorem provers/]]
* [[/Interfacing other languages|Tools for interfacing with other languages]]
* [[Web|Web, HTML, XML]]


<dt>[http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/~d99josve/hide/ hIDE]</dt>
Other places to look include:
<dd>hIDE is a GUI-based Haskell IDE written using gtk+hs. It does not include an editor but instead interfaces with NEdit, vim or GNU emacs.
* The [[Library]] hierarchy page on this wiki.
* The Haskell [[Haskell Communities and Activities Report|community reports]].
* The [http://www.haskell.org/mailman/listinfo/libraries mailing list] for discussion of issues related to libraries.


<dt>[http://www.students.cs.uu.nl/people/rjchaaft/JCreator JCreator with Haskell support]</dt>
You can also [http://www.reddit.com/r/haskell_proposals/top/?t=month propose and vote on new libraries] that you'd like on [http://www.reddit.com/r/haskell reddit], and look at our past [http://web.archive.org/web/20170721102552/ghc.haskell.org/trac/summer-of-code/ Summer of Code proposals].


<dd>JCreator is a highly customizable Java IDE for Windows.
== Guidelines for developers ==
Features include extensive project support, fully customizable
toolbars (including the images of user tools) and menus,
increase/decrease indent for a selected block of text
(tab/shift+tab respectively). The Haskell support module adds
syntax highlighting for haskell files and winhugs, hugs, a static
checker (if you double click on the error message, JCreator will
jump to the right file and line and highlight it yellow) and the
Haskell 98 Report as tools. Platforms: Win95, Win98, WinNT and
Win2000 (only Win95 not tested yet). Size: 6MB.<br>
JCreator is a trademark of Xinox Software; Copyright &copy; 2000
Xinox Software<br>
The Haskell support module is made by [http://www.students.cs.uu.nl/people/rjchaaft/ Rijk-Jan van Haaften].</dd>
</dl>


=== Editor Modes for syntax highlighting and more ===
[[Image:Cabal-With-Text-small.png|frame|Built with Cabal]]


<dl>
Developer guides:
<dt>For SubEthaEdit (Mac OS X editor): <dd>[http://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/people/rpg/tatd2/Haskell.mode.zip Haskell mode].
<dt>For KDE's Kate</dt>
<dd>
<ul>
<li>[http://www.informatik.uni-bonn.de/~ralf/software.html#syntax  Files] by Ralf Hinze.
<li>[hs.xml hs.xml] and [lhs.xml lhs.xml] by Brian Huffman.
</ul>
<dt>[http://www.nedit.org/ftp/contrib/highlighting/haskell.pats NEdit]
syntax highlighting and block comment support.</dt>


<dt>[http://www.vim.org vim] syntax highlighting</dt>
* [[How to write a Haskell program|How to write a new Haskell library]]
<dd>
* [[Library submissions|How to propose changes to the standard libraries]]
<ul>
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20071011215053/http://pupeno.com/2006/12/12/the-lambda-revolution-v/ Creating a .deb from a Haskell Cabal package] (in the Web Archive)
<li>[ftp://ftp.cse.unsw.edu.au/pub/users/dons/vim/ by Don Stewart]: for TeX and cpp style Haskell files.
* Guide to making standard [[Library submissions|library submissions]]
<li>[http://urchin.earth.li/~ian/vim/ by Ian Lynagh]: distinguishes different literal Haskell styles.
* If you notice the library documentation is lacking, or could be improved, [http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Improving_library_documentation please report it here]
<li>by John Williams: Both regular Haskell [haskell.vim .hs] and [lhaskell.vim .lhs] files
* [[Future projects]], more projects people would like.
that uncomment lines using '&gt;' are supported.
* [[Cabal]], The Common Architecture for Building Applications and Libraries, is a framework for packaging, building, and installing any tool developed in the Haskell language.
</ul>
* [[Hack-Nix]], a set of tools based on the [http://nixos.org Nix] package manager to manage multiple setups to build a project


<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/libraries/Haskell98.syn Syntax highlighting file] for [http://www.textpad.com textpad]</dt>
Proposals for the module name space layout that can be used to guide the construction of new libraries.  


<dd>by Jeroen van Wolffelaar and Arjan van IJzerdoorn, which
* [[Hierarchical module names|Almost current guide]]
inludes all prelude functions, datatype, constructors, etc, all in
* [http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/libraries/layout.html Proposal 1]
seperate groups.</dd>
* [http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/libraries/layoutSM.html Proposal 2]


<dt>[http://www.astercity.net/~khaliff/haskell/haskellmode.tgz Haskell mode]</dt>
=== Libraries for other languages ===


<dd>for [http://www.jedsoft.org/jed/ jed] by
If you are thinking about designing a new library for Haskell, you ought to look what has been done in other languages. Here are standard library definitions for
Marcin 'Qrczak' Kowalczyk.</dd>


<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/haskell-mode/ Haskell Mode for Emacs]</dt>
* [http://wiki.clean.cs.ru.nl/Libraries Clean]
 
* [http://www.standardml.org/Basis/ Standard ML]
<dd>Supports font locking, declaration scanning, documentation of
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20070515163201/caml.inria.fr/pub/docs/manual-ocaml/manual034.html Objective Caml]
types, indentation and interaction with Hugs.</dd>
* [http://srfi.schemers.org/ Scheme]
 
<dt>Alternative [http://www.haskell.org/libraries/hugs-mode.el Hugs Mode for Emacs] by
Chris Van Humbeeck</dt>
 
<dd>Provides fontification and cooperation with Hugs. Updated for
emacs 20.* by Adam P. Jenkins.</dd>
</dl>
 
<p>Some other, mostly obsolete, modes are available in [http://cvs.haskell.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/fptools/CONTRIB/haskell-modes/  CVS].</p>
 
=== Typesetting Haskell in TeX ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.jantar.org/lambdaTeX/ lambdaTeX]</dt>
 
<dd>A TeX package for typesetting literate scripts in TeX. The
output looks much like the code from Chris Okasaki's book "Purely
Functional Data Structures", doing syntax highlighting and
converting ASCII art such as"-&gt;" or "alpha" to proper
mathematical symbols. It should work with both LaTeX and plain TeX,
and it does its magic without any annotations, directly on the
source code (lambdaTeX uses an almost-complete Haskell lexical
analyzer written entirely in plain TeX). You only have to add
\input lambdaTeX at the top of your source file, and manually
typeset your literate comments so they look as good as the source
code.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/haskell-style.html Haskell Style for LaTeX2e]</dt>
 
<dd>by Manuel Chakravarty provides environments and macros that
simplify setting Haskell programs in LaTeX.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.uu.nl/~andres/lhs2tex/ lhs2tex]</dt>
 
<dd>A preprocessor for typesetting Haskell programs that combines
some of the good features of pphs and smugweb. It generates LaTeX code from literate Haskell sources.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.acooke.org/jara/pancito/haskell.sty  haskell.sty]</dt>
 
<dd>A Latex style file by Andrew Cooke that makes literal
programming in Haskell simple.</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Source documentation and browsing ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[[Haddock]] A Haskell Documentation Tool</dt>
<dd>A tool for automatically generating documentation from
annotated Haskell source code. It is primary intended for
documenting libraries, but it should be useful for any kind of
Haskell code. Haddock lets you write documentation annotations next
to the definitions of functions and types in the source code, in a
syntax that is easy on the eye when writing the source code (no
heavyweight mark-up). The documentation generated by Haddock is
fully hyperlinked - click on a type name in a type signature to go
straight to the definition, and documentation, for that type.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/idoc/ IDoc] A No
Frills Haskell Interface Documentation System</dt>
 
<dd>IDoc extracts interface documentation and declarations from
Haskell modules based on standard Haskell layout rules and a small
number of clues that the programmer embeds in interface comments.
These clues have been designed to be visually non-imposing when
displaying the source in a text editor. Interface documentation is
rendered in standard markup languages (currently, only HTML is
supported). IDoc has been designed to be simple to use and
install.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.fmi.uni-passau.de/~groessli/hdoc/ HDoc]</dt>
 
<dd>HDoc generates documentation in HTML format for Haskell
modules. The generated documents are cross linked and include
summaries and detailed descriptions for the documented functions,
data types, type classes and instance declarations.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.ida.liu.se/~jakax/haskell.html HaskellDoc]</dt>
 
<dd>This program generates an HTML document showing the module
interfaces of a Haskell project. Convenient links are placed for
easy browsing of the different modules of the project, and for
quick access to the source code.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/explorer/browser.html The Haskell Module Browser]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dd>A browser similar to Smaltalk and Eiffel class browsers.</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Testing ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://hunit.sourceforge.net HUnit]</dt>
 
<dd>A unit testing framework for Haskell, similar to JUnit for
Java. With HUnit, the programmer can easily create tests, name
them, group them into suites, and execute them, with the framework
checking the results automatically. Test specification is concise,
flexible, and convenient.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~rjmh/QuickCheck/ QuickCheck]</dt>
 
<dd>A tool for testing Haskell programs automatically. The
programmer provides a specification of the program, in the form of
properties which functions should satisfy, and QuickCheck then
tests that the properties hold in a large number of randomly
generated cases. Specifications are expressed in Haskell, using
combinators defined in the QuickCheck library. QuickCheck provides
combinators to define properties, observe the distribution of test
data, and define test data generators.</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Tracing &amp; debugging ===
 
Tracing gives access to otherwise invisible information about a
computation. Conventional debuggers allow the user to step through
the program computation, stop at given points and examine variable
contents. This tracing method is quite unsuitable for Haskell,
because its evaluation order is complex, function arguments are
usually unwieldy large unevaluated expressions and generally
computation details do not match the user's high-level view of
functions mapping values to values.
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/~bjpop/buddha/ Buddha]</dt>
 
<dd>Buddha is a declarative debugger for Haskell 98 programs. It presents the evaluation of a Haskell program as a series of function applications. A typical debugging session involves a series of questions and answers. The questions are posed by the debugger, and the answers are provided by the user. The implementation of Buddha is based on program transformation.</dd>
<dt>[http://www.ida.liu.se/~henni Freja]</dt>
 
<dd>A compiler for a subset of Haskell. Running a compiled program
creates an evaluation dependency tree as trace, a structure based
on the idea of declarative debugging from the logic programming
community. A debugging session consists of the user answering a
sequence of yes/no questions.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/hat Hat]</dt>
 
<dd>A Haskell program is first transformed by hat-trans and then
compiled with nhc98 or ghc. At runtime the program writes a trace file.
There are tools
for viewing the trace in various ways: Hat-stack shows a virtual stack
of redexes. Hat-observe shows top-level functions in the style of
Hood. Hat-trail enables exploring a computation backwards,
starting from (part of) a faulty output or an error message.
Hat-detect provides algorithmic debugging in the style of
Freja. Hat-explore allows free navigation through a computation similar to traditional debuggers and algorithmic debugging and slicing.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/hood Hood]</dt>
 
<dd>A library that permits to observe data structures at given
program points. It can basically be used like print statements in
imperative languages, but the lazy evaluation order is not affected
and functions can be observed as well.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.ukc.ac.uk/people/staff/cr3/toolbox/haskell/ GHood]</dt>
 
<dd>"Graphical Hood" - a Java-based graphical observation event
viewer, building on Hood.</dd>
</dl>
 
== Data structures ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/ghc/docs/edison/ Edison]</dt>
 
<dd>Chris Okasaki is developing a library of efficient data
structures. It provides sequences, finite maps, priority queues,
and sets/bags. ([http://www.eecs.usma.edu/Personnel/okasaki/pubs.html#hw00 overview paper]).</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/panne/haskell_libs/Binary.html  Binary/BinArray library]</dt>
 
<dd>A port of Malcolm Wallace's Binary library for NHC13, offering
facilities for heap compression and binary I/O. A related library,
BinArray, uses Binary to implement imperative binary arrays.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.orst.edu/~erwig/fgl/ FGL - A Functional Graph Library]</dt>
 
<dd>The functional graph library provides a collection of graph
operations.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.vu.nl/Strafunski/ Strafunski]</dt>
 
<dd>A bundle for generic programming. It provides programming
support for generic traversal as useful in the implementation of
program transformations.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.isi.edu/~hdaume/STPP/ The Haskell STate Preprocessor]</dt>
 
<dd>This is a short preprocessor for stateful Haskell programs. It aleviates the pain of performing single
array lookup/write/update functions with some syntax to support it. It also supports hash
table operations based on the HashTable implementation available from the author. Finally, it supports
monadic if and monadic case constructions. It is lightweight in the sense that it performs no syntactic
analysis and is essentially a character transformer.</dd>
 
</dl>
 
== Extended Haskell ==
 
The purpose of these systems is to enhance the capabilities of Haskell
in some way.  These are not targeted at any specific application domains.
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://eecs.oregonstate.edu/~erwig/pfp/ PFP]</dt>
<dd>The PFP library is a collection of modules for Haskell that  facilitates probabilistic functional programming, that is,  programming with stochastic values. The probabilistic functional  programming approach is based on a data type for representing  distributions. A distribution represent the outcome of a  probabilistic event as a collection of all possible values, tagged  with their likelihood. A nice aspect of this system is that  simulations can be specified independently from their method of  execution. That is, we can either fully simulate or randomize any  simulation without altering the code which defines it.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.dtek.chalmers.se/~d00nibro/harp/ HaRP]</dt>
<dd>A Haskell extension that extends the normal pattern matching facility with the power of regular expressions.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/arrows/ Arrows]</dt>
 
<dd>Ross Patterson has developed a preprocessor that provides a nice
notation for Arrows, a generalization of monads.
</dd>
 
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/yampa/ Functional Reactive Programming]</dt>
 
<dd>Functional reactive programming integrates time flow into
functional programming.  This provides an elegant way to express
computation in domains such as interactive animations, robotics,
computer vision, user interfaces, and simulation.  The Yampa system is
an implementation of FRP based on arrows.
</dd>
</dl>
 
== Interfacing with other languages and systems ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/haxr/ HaXR - the Haskell XML-RPC library]</dt>
<dd>An XML-RPC client and server library. [http://www.xmlrpc.com/ XML-RPC] is "remote procedure calling using HTTP
as the transport and XML as the encoding. XML-RPC is designed to be as
simple as possible, while allowing complex data structures to be
transmitted, processed and returned."</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Tools for interfacing with other languages ===
 
The definition of a basic [http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/ffi/ foreign function interface for Haskell (FFI)] is finished. It has been agreed on and
implemented by most Haskell implementors. The following tools already
produce code for this interface.  The [http://www.reid-consulting-uk.ltd.uk/docs/ffi.html Guide to Haskell's Foreign Function Interface] provides a comparision of the different tools.
 
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://haskell.org/greencard/ Green Card]</dt>
 
<dd>Green Card is a foreign function interface preprocessor for
Haskell, simplifying the task of interfacing Haskell programs to
external libraries (which are normally exposed via C interfaces).
Green Card is currently able to generate code compatible with the
[../implementations.html#ghc Glasgow Haskell Compiler],
[../implementations.html#hugs Hugs] and [../implementations.html#nhc nhc].</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/hdirect/ HaskellDirect]</dt>
 
<dd>HaskellDirect is an Interface Definition Language (IDL)
compiler for Haskell, which helps interfacing Haskell code to
libraries or components written in other languages (C). An IDL
specification specifies the type signatures and types expected by a
set of external functions. One important use of this language
neutral specification of interfaces is to specify COM (Microsoft's
Component Object Model) interfaces, and HaskellDirect offers
special support for both using COM objects from Haskell and
creating Haskell COM objects. HaskellDirect groks both the OSF DCE
dialect of IDL (including the various extensions introduced by the
Microsoft IDL compiler) and the OMG IIOP/CORBA dialect.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/c2hs/ C-&gt;Haskell]</dt>
 
<dd>A lightweight tool for implementing access to C libraries from
Haskell.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://hsffig.sourceforge.net HSFFIG]</dt>
<dd>Haskell FFI Binding Modules Generator (HSFFIG) is a tool that takes a
C library include file (.h) and generates Haskell Foreign Functions
Interface import declarations for items (functions, structures, etc.)
the header defines.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/gcjni GCJNI]</dt>
 
<dd>A Java Native Interface for Haskell. Allows Haskell to invoke
Java code. Includes a tool to generate Haskell bindings for a Java
library. Works for hugs and ghc under both Linux and Windows.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://sourceforge.net/projects/jvm-bridge/ Haskell/Java VM Bridge]</dt>
 
<dd>A bridge to the Java virtual machine via JNI for Haskell.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/haskellscript/ HaskellScript]</dt>
 
<dd>HaskellScript is the collective name for all Haskell
components, both tools and libararies, that allow interaction with
the COM/ActiveX framework.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.astercity.net/~khaliff/haskell/kdirect/index.html KDirect]</dt>
 
<dd>A tool to simplify the process of interfacing C libraries to
Haskell. It is less powerful than HaskellDirect, but easier to use
and more portable.</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Interfaces to specific systems ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~dons/hs-plugins/ hs-plugins]
<dd>A library for compiling and loading plugins into a running Haskell program.</dd>
<dt>[http://www.volker-wysk.de/hsshellscript HsShellScript]</dt>
<dd>A library for using Haskell for tasks which are usually done by shell scripts, e.g. command line parsing, analysing paths, etc.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~erik/Personal/cgi.htm CGI Library]</dt>
 
<dd>CGI programs can receive input from the client's web browser,
encoded in a complicated fashion, and can write output in a variety
of formats (plain text, HTML, JPEG etc) which the client then sees.
The decoding and encoding of the IO is often expressed in PERL or
C, and makes CGI applications tedious and awkward to write.
Haskell/CGI is a library for writing CGI programs in Haskell 1.3
and above.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/panne/haskell_libs/CGI.html  CGI Library]</dt>
 
<dd>An all-in-one-file version of Erik Meijer's CGI library (above)
with some bugs fixed, a few extensions and ported to Haskell
98.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/panne/haskell_libs/daVinci.html  daVinci binding]</dt>
 
<dd>A binding to daVinci, an X-Windows based visualization tool for
directed graphs.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www-i2.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/~michaelw/hmpi.html hMPI]</dt>
 
<dd>hMPI is an acronym for HaskellMPI. It is a Haskell binding
conforming to MPI (Message Passing Interface) standard 1.1/1.2. The
programmer is in full control over the communication between the
nodes of a cluster.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/smartest.html Smarty]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dd>The world's smartest i/o device for Haskell. An interface
between Haskell and Squeak, a freely available Smalltalk language
and environment.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/~petersen/haskell/popenhs/ popenhs]</dt>
 
<dd>A small library, based on runProcess in the standardised posix library.
It provides lazy output from subprocesses.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://sourceforge.net/projects/haskell-corba/ haskell-corba]</dt>
 
<dd>This package allows Haskell programmers to write CORBA clients
and servers using the [http://www.mico.org MICO open-source CORBA implementation]. It defines a Haskell language
mapping for CORBA, and includes an IDL compiler which generates
Haskell stub and skeleton modules from IDL files.</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Interfacing with databases ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum_id=350240 HSQL]</dt>
<dd>HSQL is a simple library which provides an interface to multiple databases.
MySQL, PostgreSQL, ODBC and SQLite are currently supported.
It is part of [http://htoolkit.sourceforge.net/ HToolkit].
 
<dt>[http://cvs.sf.net/viewcvs.py/haskell-libs/libs/takusen/ Takusen]</dt>
<dd>A library to interface to the Oracle DBMS. Part of the [http://sf.net/projects/haskell-libs Haskell-Libs project].
 
<dt>[http://haskelldb.sourceforge.net/ HaskellDB]</dt>
 
<dd>An updated version of [http://www.haskell.org/haskellDB Daan Leijen's HaskellDB] that works with current Haskell implementations and is relatively platform-independent.
<p>
HaskellDB is a combinator library for expressing queries and
other operations on relational databases in a type safe and
declarative way. All the queries and operations are completely
expressed within Haskell, no embedded (SQL) commands are needed.
This close integration makes it possible to do arbitrary
computations on the database (like computing the transitive
closure).</dd>
 
<dt>[http://members.tripod.com/~sproot/hasql.htm HaSQL]</dt>
 
<dd>HaSQL is a Haskell to ODBC interface. HaSQL allows Haskell
program to run SQL queries against an ODBC compliant database.
Queries with parameters are supported. Data is retrieved from the
database as a lazy list.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.astercity.net/~khaliff/haskell/dbi/dbi.tgz libpq binding]</dt>
 
<dd>A Haskell binding to libpq, a client-side PostgreSQL
programming library, together with a simple DBI for Haskell. It
enables the programmer to write database-independent code.</dd>
</dl>
 
== Graphical User Interface and graphics libraries ==
 
There exists a large number of gui and graphics libraries for
Haskell. Unfortunately there is no standard one and all are more or
less incomplete. The following list gives an overview. In
general, low-level veneers are going well, but they are low level.
High-level abstractions are pretty experimental. There is a need
for a supported medium-level GUI library.
 
{|
!High-level:
|[http://haskell.org/FranTk FranTk]
|[http://www.cs.chalmers.se/ComputingScience/Research/Functional/Fudgets/ Fudgets]
|([http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/fp/software/haggis/ Haggis])
|-
!Medium-level:
|[http://wxhaskell.sourceforge.net wxHaskell]
|[http://haskell.org/gtk2hs/ Gtk2HS]
|[http://haskell.org/graphics/ HGL] (graphics only)
|[http://haskell.org/ObjectIO Object I/O]
|-
!Low-level veneers:
|[http://haskell.org/HOpenGL/ HOpenGL] (graphics only)
|[http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~meurig/TclHaskell/ TclHaskell]
|Win32
|X11
|}
 
=== Graphical User Interface Libraries ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://wxhaskell.sourceforge.net wxHaskell]</dt>
<dd>wxHaskell is a portable and native GUI library built on top of wxWindows - a comprehensive C++ library that is portable across all major GUI
platforms; including GTK, Windows, X11, and MacOS X. wxWindows is a mature library (in development since 1992)
that supports a wide range of widgets with the native look-and-feel, and it has a very active community.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/gtk2hs/ Gtk2Hs]</dt>
<dd>Gtk2Hs is a GUI library for Haskell based on [http://www.gtk.org Gtk+].
Gtk+ is an extensive and mature multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical
user interfaces. Gtk2Hs is actively developed, supporting the latest version
of the Gtk+ 2.x series. It provides automatic memory management, Unicode
support and also bindings for various Gnome modules.
It runs on Windows, Linux, MacOS X, FreeBSD and Solaris.</dt>
 
<dt>[http://htoolkit.sourceforge.net/ HToolkit]</dt>
<dd>HToolkit is a portable Haskell library for writing graphical user
interfaces (GUI's).  The library is built upon a low-level interface that will
be implemented for each different target platform. The low-level library is called Port and is currently implemented for GTK and Windows. The middle-level
library is named GIO (the Graphical IO library) and is built upon the low-level Port library.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/htk HTk]</dt>
<dd>Htk is a typed, portable encapsulation of Tcl/Tk into Haskell.
Its distinctive features are the use of Haskell types and type
classes for structuring the interface, an abstract notion of event
for describing user interaction, and portability across Windows,
Unix and Linux.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~meurig/TclHaskell/ TclHaskell]</dt>
<dd>TclHaskell is a library of functions for writing platform
independent, graphical user interfaces in Haskell. The library
provides a convenient, abstract and high-level way to write
window-oriented applications. It also provides a more low level
interface to write primitive Tcl code where helpful.<br>
For Unix and Windows (and Macintosh?).</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.chalmers.se/ComputingScience/Research/Functional/Fudgets/ Fudgets]</dt>
<dd>Fudgets is primarily a Graphical User Interface Toolkit for the
functional programming language Haskell and the X Windows system.
Fudgets also makes it easy to create client/server applications
that communicate via the Internet.
 
<ul>
<li>[http://www.cs.chalmers.se/ComputingScience/Research/Functional/Fudgets/springschool95-intro.html Programming with Fudgets]: A short presentation of the Fudget Library and
the ideas underlying it.</li>
</ul>
 
For Unix, not Windows.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/FranTk FranTk]</dt>
<dd>is a library for building GUIs in Haskell. FranTk uses
behaviours and events, concepts from Conal Elliot's Functional
Reactive Animation. FranTk provides good support for developing
complex dynamic systems, and is built on top of Tcl-Tk. This makes
it platform independent. FranTk was developed by [http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~meurig Meurig Sage].<br>
For Unix and Windows.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/ObjectIO Object I/O for Haskell]</dt>
<dd>A port of Clean Object I/O library for Haskell</dd>
</dl>
 
==== Unsupported GUI-libraries ====
 
The following libraries seem to be no longer maintained. However,
someone might pick up one of them or at least profit from some
design ideas.
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/gtk/ Gtk+HS] a Haskell binding for GTK+</dt>
 
<dd>This library provides a transcription of the original GTK+ API
into Haskell. GTK+ is a modern, portable GUI library and forms the
basis of the Gnome desktop project. The binding, while not
complete, covers most of GTK+'s core functionality and is ready for
use in applications that require a GUI of medium complexity.<br>
Developed under Unix, but should also be usable with the Windows port of GTK+.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/gtk/#iHaskell iHaskell]</dt>
<dd>A functional wrapper on top of GTK+HS that provides convenience functions
for frequently used programming patterns and eliminates the need for explicit
mutable variables.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/fp/software/haggis/ Haggis]</dt>
 
<dd>Haggis is a graphical user interface framework for the
functional language Haskell, running under the X Window system. It
is being developed using the Glasgow Haskell Compiler with its
concurrent extensions to achieve more comfortable interaction with
the outside world.</dd>
 
<dt>Haskell-Tk</dt>
<dd>is a concurrent, strongly typed and higher order encapsulation
of Tk that supports the definition of user dialogues. Einar
Karlsson developed it for his [http://www.informatik.uni-bremen.de/~ewk/WB.html UniForm WorkBench].</dd>
 
<dt>Pidgets</dt>
<dd>developed by [http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/s/Scholz:Enno.html Enno Scholz] unifies pictures and widgets in a constraint-based framework for
concurrent functional GUI programming.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.reid-consulting-uk.ltd.uk/alastair/publications/gfpw93/ Budgets]</dt>
<dd>A library of Fudget-like combinators based on the Openlook widget library
was developed by [http://www.reid-consulting-uk.ltd.uk/alastair/ Alastair Reid] and Satnam Singh.
The code has suffered tremendous bit-rot (does anyone have a copy
of ghc-0.16?) but all the reusable ideas are described in the [http://www.reid-consulting-uk.ltd.uk/alastair/publications/gfpw93/ paper].</dd>
 
<dt>[http://drcjt.freeyellow.com/EW.html Embracing Windows]</dt>
<dd>is a framework for developing graphical user interfaces. It
runs under Windows 95 using a modified version of Hugs 1.3.</dd>
 
<dt>Gadgets</dt>
<dd>Lazy functional components for graphical user interfaces,
developed by Rob Noble under the supervision of [http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/~colin/ Colin Runciman] (LNCS 982, pages 321-340).</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Graphics ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://haskell.org/graphics/ The Hugs Graphics Library]</dt>
<dd>The Hugs Graphics Library supports 2-dimensional graphics
operations, timers, mouse and keyboard actions and multiple
windows. It runs on Hugs under both Win32 and X11. An earlier
version was used for early prototypes of Fran.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/haven/ Haven]</dt>
<dd>Scalable Vector Graphics for Haskell. Portable,
device-independent, resolution-independent library, including
support for affine transformations, Bezier curves, fine-grained
control of pen attributes, bounds and intersection tests,
constructive area geometry, anti-aliased rendering, outline fonts,
etc.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://afavant.elte.hu/~wferi/funcmp/ Functional Metapost]</dt>
<dd>Functional Metapost is a Haskell binding for MetaPost, the powerful but
cumbersome graphics language.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.conal.net/Fran/ Functional Reactive Animation]</dt>
<dd>FRAN is a Haskell library (or "embedded language") for
interactive animations with 2D and 3D graphics and sound. It runs
on Hugs under Windows 95 and Windows NT, using Win32 graphics
(GDI).</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.conal.net/pan Pan]</dt>
<dd>An embedded language and highly optimizing compiler for image
synthesis and transformation, based on the simple idea of images as
functions over infinite, continuous 2D space. The resulting
binaries can be used as PhotoShop plugins, embedded in web pages or
PowerPoint, or used in an interactive standalone viewer. The
compiler contains no domain-specific knowledge, so it's very
extensible. See the [http://www.conal.net/pan/gallery gallery] for
visual examples. Currently Windows-only, but ports are
encouraged.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/edsl/pansharp.html Pan#]</dt>
<dd>Pan# is a slightly re-engineered version of Pan.  It uses the same
compiler but used the Microsoft .NET framework instead of visual
studio, making it easier to install and use.  It also has a number of
new features added.  While Pan is embedded in Haskell, Pan# has its own
Haskell-like language built in so there is no need to use other Haskell
compilers.
Currently Windows-only.
</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.acooke.org/jara/pancito/index.html Pancito]</dt>
<dd>Pancito is a Haskell module for manipulating functional images
and then saving them to disk. It was inspired by Pan.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/HOpenGL/ HOpenGL]</dt>
<dd>HOpenGL is a Haskell binding for the OpenGL graphics API (GL
1.2.1 / GLU 1.3) and the portable OpenGL utility toolkit GLUT.</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Graphics File Formats ===
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/20010628003610/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/Gif/ Gif Writer]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive; this library is no longer available!)</em></dt>
<dd>A simple tool - capable of producing GIF based plots from
within Haskell programs. Such plots can be then incorporated into
HTML reports, to literate Haskell programs, or to combination of
both.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.uu.nl/people/jeroen/ Functional Specification of the JPEG algorithm, and an Implementation for Free]</dt>
 
<dt>[http://www.students.cs.uu.nl/people/dgruijs/jpg/jpg.html JPEG encoding]
Written in Gofer.</dt>
</dl>
 
== Web, HTML, XML ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/http/ HTTP and Browser Modules]</dt>
 
<dd>A significantly RFC compliant HTTP/1.1 implementation. This is an updated version of [http://homepages.paradise.net.nz/warrickg/haskell/http/ Warrick Gray's original version].</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/~thiemann/haskell/WASH/ WASH]</dt>
 
<dd>A family of combinator libraries for programming Web
applications. WASH/HTML is for generating dynamic HTML documents,
combining flexibility and safety. WASH/CGI is for server-side Web
scripting with sessions, compositional forms, and graphics.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/HaXml/ HaXml: utilities for using XML with Haskell]</dt>
 
<dd>Includes an XML parser, an HTML parser, a pretty-printer, a
combinator library for generic XML transformations, and two
Haskell&gt;-&lt;XML converters using type-based translation.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~andy/html/intro.htm The Haskell Html Library] by Andy Gill</dt>
 
<dd>This library is a collection of combinators, allowing your
Haskell programs to generate HTML.</dd>
 
<dt>[ http://www.fh-wedel.de/~si/HXmlToolbox/ Haskell XML Toolbox]</dt>
 
<dd>The Haskell XML Toolbox bases on the ideas of HaXml and HXML, but
introduces a more general approach for processing XML with Haskell. The
Haskell XML Toolbox uses a generic data model for representing XML
documents, including the DTD subset and the document subset, in
Haskell.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~erik/Personal/cgi.htm CGI Library]</dt>
 
<dd>CGI programs can receive input from the client's web browser,
encoded in a complicated fashion, and can write output in a variety
of formats (plain text, HTML, JPEG etc) which the client then sees.
The decoding and encoding of the IO is often expressed in PERL or
C, and makes CGI applications tedious and awkward to write.
Haskell/CGI is a library for writing CGI programs in Haskell 1.3
and above.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/panne/haskell_libs/CGI.html  CGI Library]</dt>
 
<dd>An all-in-one-file version of Erik Meijer's CGI library (above)
with some bugs fixed, a few extensions and ported to Haskell
98.</dd>
 
<dt>[hoyweghenThesis.zip Generative Implementation Strategies for Data-Centric Web Applications]
<dd>Generic presentation layer abstractions of administrative web applications
are the central theme of this thesis. The domain-engineering approach
results in a framework to support user interfaces generated from high-level
descriptions. A domain-specific language describes user interfaces. The
[hoyweghenSoft.zip Haskell-based generator] transforms these descriptions to user interfaces
implemented with JavaScript and XHTML.</dd>
</dl>
 
== Pretty-printer libraries ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://research.microsoft.com/~simonpj/downloads/pretty-printer/pretty.html  Pretty printer library]</dt>
 
<dd>Simon Peyton Jones made an "industrial strength" pretty
printing library in Haskell, based on John Hughes's paper "The
Design of a Pretty-printing Library" (in Advanced Functional
Programming, Johan Jeuring and Erik Meijer (eds), LNCS 925). <a
href="http://www.md.chalmers.se/~rjmh/Software/NewPP.hs">Original
version by John Hughes</a>.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.uu.nl/groups/ST/Software/PP/ Pretty-printing combinators]</dt>
 
<dd>The combinators in the library are optimal in the sense that
they produce the layout with the smallest height possible. They
also allow the programmer to specify several different
layouts.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.uu.nl/~daan/pprint.html PPrint]</dt>
 
<dd>PPrint is an implementation of the pretty printing combinators described by Philip Wadler.
The PPrint library adds new primitives to describe commonly occuring layouts and works well in
practice.</dd>
</dl>
 
== Compiler and compilation tools ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/ctk/ Manuel Chakravarty's Compiler Toolkit]</dt>
 
<dd>There is a significant set of functionality that is required in
each compiler like symbol table management, input-output
operations, error management, and so on, which are good candidates
for code reuse. The Compiler Toolkit is an attempt to provide an
open collection of modules for these recurring tasks in
Haskell.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.princeton.edu/zephyr/ASDL/ The Zephyr Abstract Syntax Description Lanuguage (ASDL)]</dt>
 
<dd>ASDL is a language designed to describe the tree-like data
structures in compilers. Its main goal is to provide a method for
compiler components written in different languages to interoperate.
ASDL makes it easier for applications written in a variety of
programming languages to communicate complex recursive data
structures. asdlGen is a tool that takes ASDL descriptions and
produces implementations of those descriptions in C, C++, Java,
Standard ML, and Haskell.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~mpj/thih/ Typing Haskell in Haskell]</dt>
 
<dd>A Haskell program that implements a Haskell typechecker, thus
providing a mathematically rigorous specification in a notation
that is familiar to Haskell users.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/~bjpop/hatchet.html Hatchet]</dt>
 
<dd>Hatchet is a type checking and inference tool for Haskell 98,
written in (almost) Haskell 98.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/BNF/ The BNF Converter]</dt>
 
<dd>A High-Level Tool for Implementing Well-Behaved Programming
Languages.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cwi.nl/projects/MetaEnv/haterm/ ATerm Library]</dt>
 
<dd>ATerms provide a generic format for representation and exchange
of (annotated) terms. ATerms were developed in the context of the
ASF+SDF Meta-Environment. They are also used by the rewriting
language Stratego, by the transformation tool bundle XT, by the
visitor generator JJForester, and by numerous other tools developed
at CWI, Universiteit Utrecht, and elsewhere.</dd>
</dl>
 
=== Scanner and parser generators ===
 
<dl>
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/happy/ Happy]</dt>
 
<dd>Happy is a parser generator system for Haskell, similar to the
tool `yacc' for C. Like `yacc', it takes a file containing an
annotated BNF specification of a grammar and produces a Haskell
module containing a parser for the grammar.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.ki.informatik.uni-frankfurt.de/~klose/lucky.html Lucky]</dt>
 
<dd>A parser generator for Haskell using monadic parser
combinators. It was developed to be compatible with Happy.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.uu.nl/wiki/Center/UtrechtParserCombinators Utrecht Parser Combinator Library]</dt>
 
<dd>The combinators in this library analyse the grammar on the fly and build parsers that are quite efficient. An interesting aspect is that parsing results become available on the fly without hanging on to the input. The parsers will give extensive error reports of erroneous situations, and wil proceed with parsing. </dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.ruu.nl/~daan/parsec.html Parsec]</dt>
 
<dd>A simple, well documented monadic parser combinator library for
fast parsers with good error messages.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/panne/haskell_libs/hsparser.html  HParser]</dt>
 
<dd>A parser for Haskell written purely in Haskell (using the Happy
parser generator).</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~chak/haskell/ctk/ CTKlight]</dt>
 
<dd>Standalone distribution of the self-optimising lexer and parser
combinators of the Compiler Toolkit (CTK).</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/alex/ Alex: A Lexical Analyser Generator]</dt>
 
<dd>Alex 2.0 is a Lex-like package for generating Haskell
scanners.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.nondot.org/sabre/Projects/HaskellLexer/ The Haskell Dynamic Lexer Engine]</dt>
 
<dd>This system is completely dynamic: the lexer may be modified at
runtime, and string buffers may be lexed by different lexers at
different times.</dd>
</dl>
 
== Music ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[[Haskore|The Haskore Computer Music System]]</dt>
 
<dd>Haskore is a collection of Haskell modules designed for
expressing musical structures in the high-level, declarative style
of functional programming. Haskore is a means for describing music
- in particular Western Music - rather than sound. It is not a
vehicle for synthesizing sound produced by musical instruments, for
example, although it does capture the way certain (real or
imagined) instruments permit control of dynamics and articulation.
Haskore compositions can be translated into various executable
formats like MIDI and printed in traditional notation.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://meltin.net/hacks/haskell/ HasChorus]</dt>
 
<dd>A set of Haskell modules written on top of Haskore to make it
easier to sequence simple, repetitive music.</dd>
</dl>
 
== Numerical algorithms and mathematics ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.dinkla.net/fp/cglib.html The Library for Geometric Algorithms]</dt>
 
<dd>is a small Haskell library, that contains algorithms for
two-dimensional convex hulls, triangulations of polygons,
Voronoi-diagrams and Delaunay-triangulations, the QEDS data
structure, kd-trees and range-trees.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/fractions.html Numerics with fractions]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/Roots.html Roots of polynomials]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dd>It implements the well known Laguerre's method for finding
complex roots of polynomials.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/Orthogonals.html Indexless linear algebra algorithms]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dd>Orthogonalization, solution of linear equations, eigenvalues
and eigenvectors.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/ State vector evolution]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/ Short study of fuzzy oscillator]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dt>[http://haskelldsp.sourceforge.net/ Libraries for digital signal processing]</dt>
<dd>Modules for matrix manpulation, digital signal processing, spectral
stimation, and frequency estimation.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/Tensor.html N-dimensional tensors]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dt>[http://www.info.unicaen.fr/~karczma/arpap/ Papers by Jerzy Karczmarczuk]</dt>
 
<dd>Some interesting uses of Haskell in mathematics, including
functional differentiation.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://haskell.org/docon/ DoCon]</dt>
 
<dd>Algebraic Domain Constructor</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.robtougher.com/haskell-math/ haskell-math]</dt>
 
<dd>The goal of this library is to provide a robust implementation of financial mathematics in Haskell. It currently supports the Black Scholes model and the Binomial Trees model for European and American options, with plans to support other models and option types in the future.</dd>
 
</dl>
 
== Hardware verification ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www.cse.ogi.edu/PacSoft/projects/Hawk/ Hawk, Specifying and Prototyping Microprocessors]</dt>
 
<dd>The goal of the Hawk project is to develop a language for
expressing highly abstracted specifications of modern
microprocessor designs, to provide design teams with the ability to
dynamically explore a wide range of design choices. The Hawk
language is Haskell plus the Hawk library.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~koen/Lava/ Lava]</dt>
 
<dd>Lava is a hardware description language based upon
Haskell.</dd>
</dl>
 
== Robots ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://haskell.org/yampa/ Haskell for Vision and Robotics]</dt>
 
<dd>Frob is an Embedded Domain Specific Language for controlling
robots. It is built using the principals of Functional Reactive
Programming, as developed by Conal Elliott for the Fran animation
system.  The current incarnation of Frob is part of the Yampa FRP system.<br>
</dl>
 
== Various ==
 
<dl>
<dt>[http://www2-data.informatik.unibw-muenchen.de/EdComb/ EdComb]
<dd>Editor combinators allow to assemble structure editors compositionally instead of generating them from descriptions, just
as parsing combinators allow to assemble parsers compositionally instead of employing parser generators to generate
parsers from grammar descriptions.
<dt>[http://ls5-www.cs.uni-dortmund.de/~peter/Expander2/Expander2.html Expander2]</dt>
<dd>Expander2 is a flexible multi-purpose workbench for rewriting, verification,
constraint solving, flow graph analysis and related procedures that
build up proofs or computation sequences. Moreover, tailor-made 
interpreters display terms as 2D structures ranging from trees and
rooted graphs to tables, fractals and
other turtle-system-generated pictures.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cs.vu.nl/Strafunski/ Strafunski]</dt>
 
<dd>Strafunski is a Haskell bundle that provides support for
generic programming in Haskell, based on the concept of a
functional strategy. It consists of a combinator library
(StrategyLib) and a precompiler (DrIFT-Strafunski).</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cin.ufpe.br/~haskell/fungen FunGEn - a game engine for Haskell]</dt>
 
<dd>FunGEn (Functional Game Engine) is a 2D platform-independent
game engine implemented in and for Haskell, using HOpenGL. It is
intended to help game programmers in the game development process,
in a faster and automated way.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.haskell.org/crypto The Haskell Cryptographic Library]</dt>
 
<dd>A library of cryptographic functions collected together in one package.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cif.rochester.edu/~sankeld/RSA/ RSA]</dt>
 
<dd>A number theory library, RSA library, and RSA programs.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.comlab.ox.ac.uk/oucl/work/ian.lynagh/ Implementations of MD5, SHA1 and DES]</dt>
 
<dt>[http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~meurig/regexp/ Regular expression library]</dt>
 
<dd>Inspired by the Perl regular expression library, written purely
in Haskell. Also part of the GHC distribution.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/kw217/libs/ Partial v0.1]</dt>
 
<dd>The Partial library provides a partial order class. It also
provides routines for generating a Hasse diagram from a set and a
partial order. Renderers are provided for the abstract Hasse
diagram representation into LaTeX (via Xy-pic) and into dot, the
format for AT&amp;T's Graphviz tools. Since no horizontal sorting
is done, the Xy-pic output is rather poor at present; dot does a
much better job with its layout optimisation algorithm.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/funpdf/ fun-&gt;pdf]<em>(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)</em></dt>
 
<dd>An implementation of a PDF dynamic writer in Haskell.</dd>
 
<dt>[http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/panne/haskell_libs/GetOpt.html GetOpt]</dt>
 
<dd>A module for GNU-/POSIX-like option handling of commandline
arguments</dd>
</dl>
 
== Collections of libraries ==
 
* [http://www.cs.york.ac.uk/fp/software.html Software available from the York FP group]
* [http://repetae.net/john/computer/haskell/ John Meacham's Haskell tools and libraries]
* [http://www.cit.gu.edu.au/~arock/haskell/index.html Andrew Rock's library of useful modules]
* [http://www.informatik.uni-bonn.de/~ralf/software.html Libraries by Ralf Hinze] for data structures, sorting, searching, parsing, pretty printing, numerical algorithms, monads, etc.
* [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.numeric-quest.com/haskell/index.html Collection of Haskell modules] ''(since 10/06/2003: via Internet Archive)'' by Jan Skibinski, Numeric Quest Inc.
* [http://www.pms.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/mitarbeiter/panne/haskell_libs/ Sven's Haskell Libaries] for interfacing to DaVinci, HTML/Cgi, OpenGL; a module for option handling, a Haskell parser, a binary library.
* [http://web.comlab.ox.ac.uk/oucl/work/ian.lynagh/ Ian Lynagh's Haskell libraries]
* [http://www.reid-consulting-uk.ltd.uk/projects/index.html Reid Consulting's Libraries and Programs] CMI, TSL, Knit, Greencard, HGL, HSX11, HSWin32
 
== Libraries for other languages ==
If you are thinking about designing a new library for Haskell, you
ought to look what has been done in other languages. Here are
standard library definitions for
 
<ul>
<li>[http://srfi.schemers.org/ Scheme]</li>
 
<li>[http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/what/smlnj/doc/basis/index.html ML]</li>
</ul>

Latest revision as of 01:40, 1 March 2020


The number of Haskell packages is growing rapidly. The section 'Haskell library collections' gives an ordering of all these packages by relative importance. In the section 'Haskell applications and libraries' an ordering by category is given. Finally some guidelines for developers of new packages are presented.

Haskell library collections

Haskell Prelude

The most important Haskell library is called the Prelude. It is implicitly imported by default, and includes the most commonly used functions. Make sure you know what they do and how to use them effectively.

Haskell 2010 libraries

The Haskell 2010 Language and library specification defines a set of libraries with basic functionality which all Haskell implementations should support, including the Prelude. Changes to these libraries are handled by the Haskell' process.

Haskell modules that almost everybody uses are in this group, for example: Control.Monad, Data.List and System.IO. Within GHC, these are mostly grouped into the base package, but for example Data.Array is in the array package.

GHC bootstrap libraries

GHC comes with an expanded version of the Haskell 2010 libraries. Together these are called the GHC bootstrap libraries. You should not rely on this list being stable, since it is just the list of packages that are needed to build GHC itself (including ghci and the user guide).

Examples of libraries that are GHC 7.8.3 boot libraries (but not core libraries, see below): haskeline, integer-gmp and terminfo.

Core Libraries

The core libraries form a subset of the packages in the Haskell Platform that has submitted to the management process described on the Library submissions page.

These packages typically define basic APIs that are expected to be available in any Haskell implementation, packages that are being maintained for backwards compatibility, or in some cases, which are just needed as glue to hold the rest of the platform together.

Not all GHC boot libraries are core libraries.

Examples of libraries, or packages, that belong to this group are: Monad transformer library, random and parallel.

Haskell Platform libraries

On top of the Core Libraries, the Haskell Platform comes preinstalled with some additional packages that together form the Haskell Platform libraries. These libraries have been thoroughly tested before being included. The addition of these libraries with the Haskell Platform is what makes it 'batteries included'.

Examples of included packages are: attoparsec, network and QuickCheck.

The Hackage database

Hackage is the final layer of the Haskell library collections. Hackage aims to provide a comprehensive collection of released Haskell packages, similar to Perl's CPAN or Python's PyPI.

Start on Hackage if you are looking for some functionality that did not come preinstalled with the Haskell Platform.

See also the Hackage wiki page and how to install a Cabal package.

Haskell applications and libraries

Applications, libraries and tools for Haskell or written in Haskell have been classified below, but you should check Hackage for the latest list.

Other places to look include:

You can also propose and vote on new libraries that you'd like on reddit, and look at our past Summer of Code proposals.

Guidelines for developers

Built with Cabal

Developer guides:

Proposals for the module name space layout that can be used to guide the construction of new libraries.

Libraries for other languages

If you are thinking about designing a new library for Haskell, you ought to look what has been done in other languages. Here are standard library definitions for

Retrieved from "https://wiki.haskell.org/index.php?title=Applications_and_libraries&oldid=63236"