Difference between revisions of "CTRex"

From HaskellWiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 5: Line 5:
 
CTRex is a library for Haskell which implements extensible records using closed type families and type literals. It does '''not''' use overlapping instances.
 
CTRex is a library for Haskell which implements extensible records using closed type families and type literals. It does '''not''' use overlapping instances.
   
  +
Features:
== What are extensible records? ==
 
   
  +
* Row-polymorphism
A record is just a collection of label-value pairs. For example:
 
  +
* Support for scoped labels (i.e. duplicate labels) '''and''' non-scoped labels (i.e. the lacks predicate on rows).
<code> { x = 0 , y = "bla", z = False } </code>
 
  +
* The value level interface and the type level interface correspond to each other. For example, the value level operation for extending a record (adding a field) has type <hask> extend :: KnownSymbol l => Label l -> a -> Rec r -> Rec (Extend l a r) </hask> wheras the type level operation for adding a field has type <hask> Extend (l :: Symbol) (a :: *) (r :: Row *) :: Row *</hask>. In this way each value level operation (that changes the type) has a corresponding type level operation with the same name (but starting with a capitol).
  +
* The order of labels (except for duplicate labels) does not matter. I.e. {x = 0, y = 0} and {y = 0, x = 0} have the '''same type'''.
  +
* Syntactic sugar on the value level as well as type level to write
  +
<haskell>
  +
p :<-| z .| y :<- 'b' .| z :!= False .| x := 2 .| y := 'a' .| empty
  +
</haskell>
  +
  +
instead of
  +
  +
<haskell>
  +
rename z p $ update y 'b' $ extendUnique z False $ extend x 2 $ extend y 'a' empty
  +
</haskell>
  +
  +
* If all values in a record satisfy a constraint such as <hask>Show</hask>, then we are able to do operations on all fields in a record, if that operation only requires that the constraint is satifies. In this way we can create instanstances such as <hask> Forall r Show => Show (Rec r) </hask>. This is available to the application programmer as well.
  +
  +
== Labels ==
   
 
Labels (such as x,y and z) in CTRex are type level symbols (i.e. type level strings). We can point to a label by using the label type:
 
Labels (such as x,y and z) in CTRex are type level symbols (i.e. type level strings). We can point to a label by using the label type:

Revision as of 16:37, 4 December 2013

Introduction

This page will describe the design, usage and motivation for CTRex.

CTRex is a library for Haskell which implements extensible records using closed type families and type literals. It does not use overlapping instances.

Features:

  • Row-polymorphism
  • Support for scoped labels (i.e. duplicate labels) and non-scoped labels (i.e. the lacks predicate on rows).
  • The value level interface and the type level interface correspond to each other. For example, the value level operation for extending a record (adding a field) has type extend :: KnownSymbol l => Label l -> a -> Rec r -> Rec (Extend l a r) wheras the type level operation for adding a field has type Extend (l :: Symbol) (a :: *) (r :: Row *) :: Row *. In this way each value level operation (that changes the type) has a corresponding type level operation with the same name (but starting with a capitol).
  • The order of labels (except for duplicate labels) does not matter. I.e. {x = 0, y = 0} and {y = 0, x = 0} have the same type.
  • Syntactic sugar on the value level as well as type level to write
 
p :<-| z .| y :<- 'b' .| z :!= False .| x := 2 .| y := 'a' .| empty

instead of

 
 rename z p $ update y 'b' $ extendUnique z False $ extend x 2 $ extend y 'a' empty
  • If all values in a record satisfy a constraint such as Show, then we are able to do operations on all fields in a record, if that operation only requires that the constraint is satifies. In this way we can create instanstances such as Forall r Show => Show (Rec r). This is available to the application programmer as well.

Labels

Labels (such as x,y and z) in CTRex are type level symbols (i.e. type level strings). We can point to a label by using the label type:

data Label (s :: Symbol) = Label

For example, we can declare shorthands for pointing at the type level symbol "x", "y" and "z" as follows.

x = Label :: Label "x" 
y = Label :: Label "y" 
z = Label :: Label "z"

Of course it would be much nicer to just write `x instead of Label :: Label "x" but this is currently not available. This may change in the future.

Once we have declared some (pointers to) labels. We can write { x = 0 , y = "bla", z = False } as follows:

 x := 0 .| y .= "bla" .| z := False .| empty

(again it would be nicer to just write { x = 0 , y = "bla", z = False } , but currently not possible).