Difference between revisions of "Euler problems/171 to 180"
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Solution: |
Solution: |
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<haskell> |
<haskell> |
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+ | import Data.Ratio |
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⚫ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {- |
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+ | After some algebra, we find: |
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+ | f1 n x y z = x^(n+1) + y^(n+1) - z^(n+1) |
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+ | f2 n x y z = (x*y + y*z + z*x) * ( x^(n-1) + y^(n-1) - z^(n-1) ) |
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+ | f3 n x y z = x*y*z*( x^(n-2) + y^(n-2) - z^(n-2) ) |
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+ | f n x y z = f1 n x y z + f2 n x y z - f3 n x y z |
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+ | f n x y z = (x+y+z) * (x^n+y^n-z^n) |
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+ | Now the hard part comes in realizing that n can be negative. |
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+ | Thanks to Fermat, we only need examine the cases n = [-2, -1, 1, 2] |
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+ | Which leads to: |
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+ | |||
+ | f(-2) z = xy/sqrt(x^2 + y^2) |
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+ | f(-1) z = xy/(x+y) |
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+ | f(1) z = x+y |
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+ | f(2) z = sqrt(x^2 + y^2) |
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+ | |||
+ | -} |
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+ | |||
+ | unique :: Eq(a) => [a] -> [a] |
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+ | unique [] = [] |
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+ | unique (x:xs) | elem x xs = unique xs |
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+ | | otherwise = x : unique xs |
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+ | |||
+ | -- Not quite correct, but I don't care about the zeros |
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+ | ratSqrt :: Rational -> Rational |
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+ | ratSqrt x = |
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+ | let a = floor $ sqrt $ fromIntegral $ numerator x |
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+ | b = floor $ sqrt $ fromIntegral $ denominator x |
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+ | c = (a%b) * (a%b) |
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+ | in if x == c then (a%b) else 0 |
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+ | |||
+ | -- Not quite correct, but I don't care about the zeros |
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+ | reciprocal :: Rational -> Rational |
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+ | reciprocal x |
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+ | | x == 0 = 0 |
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+ | | otherwise = denominator x % numerator x |
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+ | |||
⚫ | |||
+ | let order = 35 |
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+ | range :: [Rational] |
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+ | range = unique [ (a%b) | b <- [1..order], a <- [1..(b-1)] ] |
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+ | fm2,fm1,f1,f2 :: [[Rational]] |
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+ | fm2 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range, |
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+ | let z = x*y * reciprocal (ratSqrt(x*x+y*y)), elem z range] |
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+ | fm1 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range, |
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+ | let z = x*y * reciprocal (x+y), elem z range] |
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+ | f1 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range, |
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+ | let z = (x+y), elem z range] |
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+ | f2 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range, |
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+ | let z = ratSqrt(x*x+y*y), elem z range] |
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+ | result = sum $ unique $ map (\x -> sum x) (fm2++fm1++f1++f2) |
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+ | in (numerator result + denominator result) |
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+ | |||
</haskell> |
</haskell> |
Revision as of 16:52, 9 February 2008
Problem 171
Finding numbers for which the sum of the squares of the digits is a square.
Solution:
#include <stdio.h>
static int result = 0;
#define digits 20
static long long fact[digits+1];
static const long long precision = 1000000000;
static const long long precision_mult = 111111111;
#define maxsquare 64 /* must be a power of 2 > digits * 9^2 */
static inline int issquare( int n )
{
for( int step = maxsquare/2, i = step;;)
{
if( i*i == n ) return i;
if( !( step >>= 1 ) ) return -1;
if( i*i > n ) i -= step;
else i += step;
}
}
static inline void dodigit( int d, int nr, int sum, long long c, int s )
{
if( d )
for( int n = 0; n <= nr; c *= ++n, s += d, sum += d*d )
dodigit( d-1, nr - n, sum, c, s );
else if( issquare( sum ) > 0 )
result = ( s * ( fact[digits] / ( c * fact[nr] ) )
/ digits % precision * precision_mult
+ result ) % precision;
}
int main( void )
{
fact[0] = 1;
for( int i = 1; i < digits+1; i++ ) fact[i] = fact[i-1]*i;
dodigit( 9, digits, 0, 1, 0 );
printf( "%d\n", result );
return 0;
}
problem_171 = main
Problem 172
Investigating numbers with few repeated digits.
Solution:
factorial n = product [1..toInteger n]
fallingFactorial x n = product [x - fromInteger i | i <- [0..toInteger n - 1] ]
choose n k = fallingFactorial n k `div` factorial k
-- how many numbers can we get having d digits and p positions
p172 0 _ = 0
p172 d p
| p < 4 = d^p
| otherwise =
(p172' p) + p*(p172' (p-1)) + (choose p 2)*(p172' (p-2)) + (choose p 3)*(p172' (p-3))
where
p172' = p172 (d-1)
problem_172= (p172 10 18) * 9 `div` 10
Problem 173
Using up to one million tiles how many different "hollow" square laminae can be formed? Solution:
problem_173=
let c=div (10^6) 4
xm=floor$sqrt $fromIntegral c
k=[div c x|x<-[1..xm]]
in sum k-(div (xm*(xm+1)) 2)
Problem 174
Counting the number of "hollow" square laminae that can form one, two, three, ... distinct arrangements.
Solution:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=0;
int c=1000000/4;
int L[1000000];
int i,x,b;
for(i=0;i<=1000000;i++)
{
L[i]=0;
}
for(x=1;x<=500;x++)
{
int q=x*x;
for(b=1;b<=250000;b++)
{
int y=q+b*x;
if(y<=c){L[y*4]++;}
}
}
for(i=0;i<=1000000;i++)
{if(L[i]<=10&&L[i]>=1)
{a++;}
}
printf( "%d\n", a);
return 1;
}
problem_174 = main
Problem 175
Fractions involving the number of different ways a number can be expressed as a sum of powers of 2. Solution:
sternTree x 0=[]
sternTree x y=
m:sternTree y n
where
(m,n)=divMod x y
findRat x y
|odd l=take (l-1) k++[last k-1,1]
|otherwise=k
where
k=sternTree x y
l=length k
p175 x y=
init$foldl (++) "" [a++","|
a<-map show $reverse $filter (/=0)$findRat x y]
problems_175=p175 123456789 987654321
test=p175 13 17
Problem 176
Rectangular triangles that share a cathetus. Solution:
--k=47547
--2*k+1=95095 = 5*7*11*13*19
lst=[5,7,11,13,19]
primes=[2,3,5,7,11]
problem_176 =
product[a^b|(a,b)<-zip primes (reverse n)]
where
la=div (last lst+1) 2
m=map (\x->div x 2)$init lst
n=m++[la]
Problem 177
Integer angled Quadrilaterals.
Solution:
problem_177 = undefined
Problem 178
Step Numbers Solution:
problem_178 = undefined
Problem 179
Consecutive positive divisors. Solution:
#include <stdio.h>
#define SZ 10000000
int n[SZ + 1];
int main ()
{
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i <= SZ; i++)
n[i] = 1;
for (i = 2; i <= SZ; i++)
for (j = i; j <= SZ; j += i)
n[j] += 1;
j = 0;
for (i = 1; i < SZ; i++)
if (n[i] == n[i + 1])
j++;
printf ("%d\n", j);
return 0;
}
problem_179 = main
Problem 180
Rational zeros of a function of three variables. Solution:
import Data.Ratio
{-
After some algebra, we find:
f1 n x y z = x^(n+1) + y^(n+1) - z^(n+1)
f2 n x y z = (x*y + y*z + z*x) * ( x^(n-1) + y^(n-1) - z^(n-1) )
f3 n x y z = x*y*z*( x^(n-2) + y^(n-2) - z^(n-2) )
f n x y z = f1 n x y z + f2 n x y z - f3 n x y z
f n x y z = (x+y+z) * (x^n+y^n-z^n)
Now the hard part comes in realizing that n can be negative.
Thanks to Fermat, we only need examine the cases n = [-2, -1, 1, 2]
Which leads to:
f(-2) z = xy/sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
f(-1) z = xy/(x+y)
f(1) z = x+y
f(2) z = sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
-}
unique :: Eq(a) => [a] -> [a]
unique [] = []
unique (x:xs) | elem x xs = unique xs
| otherwise = x : unique xs
-- Not quite correct, but I don't care about the zeros
ratSqrt :: Rational -> Rational
ratSqrt x =
let a = floor $ sqrt $ fromIntegral $ numerator x
b = floor $ sqrt $ fromIntegral $ denominator x
c = (a%b) * (a%b)
in if x == c then (a%b) else 0
-- Not quite correct, but I don't care about the zeros
reciprocal :: Rational -> Rational
reciprocal x
| x == 0 = 0
| otherwise = denominator x % numerator x
problem_180 =
let order = 35
range :: [Rational]
range = unique [ (a%b) | b <- [1..order], a <- [1..(b-1)] ]
fm2,fm1,f1,f2 :: [[Rational]]
fm2 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range,
let z = x*y * reciprocal (ratSqrt(x*x+y*y)), elem z range]
fm1 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range,
let z = x*y * reciprocal (x+y), elem z range]
f1 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range,
let z = (x+y), elem z range]
f2 = [[x,y,z] | x<-range, y<-range,
let z = ratSqrt(x*x+y*y), elem z range]
result = sum $ unique $ map (\x -> sum x) (fm2++fm1++f1++f2)
in (numerator result + denominator result)