Section of an infix operator

In Haskell there is a special syntax for partial application on infix operators. Essentially, you only give one of the arguments to the infix operator, and it represents a function which intuitively takes an argument and puts it on the "missing" side of the infix operator.

(2^) (left section) is equivalent to (^) 2, or more verbosely \x -> 2 ^ x
(^2) (right section) is equivalent to flip (^) 2, or more verbosely \x -> x ^ 2

Like partial application and lambda abstraction, sectioning provides a convenient way of writing some functions without having to explicitly name them:

(1+) (unsugared: (+) 1) is the "increment" function,
(2*) is the "double" function,
('\t':) is the "indent" function,
(`elem` "AEIOU") is the "is-capital-vowel-in-English" function (ignoring the "sometimes Y").

Note: as an exception, the "-" (subtraction) operator cannot do a right section, because that would be interpreted as unary negation in Haskell syntax. The Prelude function "subtract" is provided for this purpose. Instead of (- e), you need to write (subtract e).
Note: Iterated sections are also possible, as long the associativity is correct: (1+2+). The famous (but mostly useless) "Bender" operator is (:8:[]).

See also[edit]