Difference between revisions of "99 questions/46 to 50"
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Solution: |
Solution: |
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<haskell> |
<haskell> |
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+ | not' :: Bool -> Bool |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
+ | |||
+ | and',or',nor',nand',xor',impl',equ' :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool |
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and' True True = True |
and' True True = True |
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and' _ _ = False |
and' _ _ = False |
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or' _ _ = False |
or' _ _ = False |
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− | |||
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xor' True False = True |
xor' True False = True |
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table f = putStrLn . unlines $ [show a ++ " " ++ show b ++ " " ++ show (f a b) |
table f = putStrLn . unlines $ [show a ++ " " ++ show b ++ " " ++ show (f a b) |
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− | | a <- [True, False], b <- [True, False] |
+ | | a <- [True, False], b <- [True, False]] |
</haskell> |
</haskell> |
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The implementations of the logic functions are quite verbose and can be shortened in places (like "equ' = (==)"). |
The implementations of the logic functions are quite verbose and can be shortened in places (like "equ' = (==)"). |
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− | The table function in Lisp supposedly uses |
+ | The table function in Lisp supposedly uses Lisp's symbol handling to substitute variables on the fly in the expression. I chose passing a binary function instead because parsing an expression would be more verbose in haskell than it is in Lisp. |
== Problem 47 == |
== Problem 47 == |
Revision as of 03:00, 13 December 2006
These are Haskell translations of Ninety Nine Lisp Problems.
If you want to work on one of these, put your name in the block so we know someone's working on it. Then, change n in your block to the appropriate problem number, and fill in the <Problem description>,<example in lisp>,<example in Haskell>,<solution in haskell> and <description of implementation> fields.
Logic and Codes
Problem 46
Define predicates and/2, or/2, nand/2, nor/2, xor/2, impl/2 and equ/2 (for logical equivalence) which succeed or fail according to the result of their respective operations; e.g. and(A,B) will succeed, if and only if both A and B succeed.
A logical expression in two variables can then be written as in the following example: and(or(A,B),nand(A,B)).
Now, write a predicate table/3 which prints the truth table of a given logical expression in two variables.
Example: (table A B (and A (or A B))) true true true true fail true fail true fail fail fail fail Example in Haskell: > table (\a b -> (and' a (or' a b)) True True True True False True False True False False False False
Solution:
not' :: Bool -> Bool
not' True = False
not' False = True
and',or',nor',nand',xor',impl',equ' :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool
and' True True = True
and' _ _ = False
or' True _ = True
or' _ True = True
or' _ _ = False
nor' a b = not' $ or' a b
nand' a b = not' $ and' a b
xor' True False = True
xor' False True = True
xor' _ _ = False
impl' a b = (not' a) `or'` b
equ' True True = True
equ' False False = True
equ' _ _ = False
table f = putStrLn . unlines $ [show a ++ " " ++ show b ++ " " ++ show (f a b)
| a <- [True, False], b <- [True, False]]
The implementations of the logic functions are quite verbose and can be shortened in places (like "equ' = (==)").
The table function in Lisp supposedly uses Lisp's symbol handling to substitute variables on the fly in the expression. I chose passing a binary function instead because parsing an expression would be more verbose in haskell than it is in Lisp.
Problem 47
<Problem description>
Example: <example in lisp> Example in Haskell: <example in Haskell>
Solution:
<solution in haskell>
<description of implementation>
Problem 48
<Problem description>
Example: <example in lisp> Example in Haskell: <example in Haskell>
Solution:
<solution in haskell>
<description of implementation>
Problem 49
An n-bit Gray code is a sequence of n-bit strings constructed according to certain rules. For example,
n = 1: C(1) = ['0','1']. n = 2: C(2) = ['00','01','11','10']. n = 3: C(3) = ['000','001','011','010',´110´,´111´,´101´,´100´].
Find out the construction rules and write a predicate with the following specification:
% gray(N,C) :- C is the N-bit Gray code
Can you apply the method of "result caching" in order to make the predicate more efficient, when it is to be used repeatedly?
Example in Haskell: P49> gray 3 ["000","001","011","010","110","111","101","100"]
Solution:
gray :: Int -> [String]
gray 1 = ["0", "1"]
gray (n+1) = let xs = gray n in map ('0':) xs ++ map ('1':) (reverse xs)
It seems that the gray code can be recursively defined in the way that for determining the gray code of n we take the gray code of n-1, prepend a 0 to each word, take the gray code for n-1 again, reverse it and perpend a 1 to each word. At last we have to append these two lists. (Wikipedia seems to approve this.)
Instead of the equation for gray 1 = ...
we could also use
gray 0 = [""]
what leads to the same results.
Problem 50
<Problem description>
Example: <example in lisp> Example in Haskell: <example in Haskell>
Solution:
<solution in haskell>
<description of implementation>